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1 ὀπάζω
Aὤπαζον Il.8.341
; [dialect] Ep.ὄπ- 16.730
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] fut.ὀπάσσω Od.8.430
,21.214 : [tense] aor.ὤπασα Il.13.416
, Hes.Th. 974, Pi.N.1.16, and Trag. (v. infr.); [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. also ὄπασσα, Od.10.204, Pi.I.7(6).38 :—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. ὠπασάμην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.ὀπάσσατο Il.19.238
; [ per.] 2sg. subj.ὀπάσσεαι 10.238
:—[voice] Pass., only in [tense] pres. (v. fin.):—poet. Verb, perh. causal of ἕπομαι, make to follow, send with one, give as a companion or follower,ἐπεί ῥά οἱ ὤπασα πομπόν Il.13.416
; , cf. Od.9.90 ;ἅμ' ἡγεμόν' ἐσθλὸν ὄπασσον 15.310
; ; πολὺν δέ μοι ὤπασε λαόν, i. e. made me leader over many, Il.9.483, cf. Pi.N.1.16 ;ὦ Ζεῦ, γυναικῶν οἷον ὤπασας γένος A.Th. 256
:—[voice] Med., bid another follow one, take with one, take as a companion,σὺ δὲ χείρον' ὀπάσσεαι Il.10.238
;Νέστορος υἷας ὀπάσσατο 19.238
;κήρυκά τ' ὀπασσάμενος καὶ ἑταῖρον Od.10.59
:—Nic. uses the [voice] Med. in act. sense,σκολόπενδρα.. ὀπάζεται ἀνδράσι κῆρα Th. 813
: Hes. never has it in this sense.II also of things, make or give to be with a person, then simply, give, grant, τούτῳ.. Ζεὺς κῦδος ὀπάζει gives him glory to be with him, Il.8.141, cf. 17.566 ; κτήματα, ἀρετήν, κάλλος, ἀοιδήν, φῆμιν, ὀϊζύν, etc., freq. in Hom., Od.21.214, 13.45, Il.6.156, Od.8.498, 24.201, 23.210, al. ; πολλὰ γὰρ ὤπασε παιδί gave her as a portion, Il.22.51 ; τέλος ἐσθλὸν ὀ. grant a happy end, Hes.Op. 474 ; ὄλβον, ἄγρην, Id.Th. 420, 442 ;εὐδίαν ἐκ χειμῶνος ὀ. Pi.I.7(6).38
, al.;Ὕβρις.. πλοῦτον.. ἀλλότριον ὤπασεν B.14.60
;πῦρ ἐγώ σφιν ὤπασα A.Pr. 254
, cf. 8, 30, Pers. 762, Eu. 530 (lyr.) ; a few times in E., e. g. Med. 517, twice in Ar., Eq. 200 (mock heroic), Th. 973 (lyr.): with pleon. inf., Πατρόκλῳ.. κόμην ὀπάσαιμι φέρεσθαι, like δίδωμι ἔχειν, Il.23.151, cf. Pi.O.9.66 :—[voice] Med., take to yourself..,Nic.
Th.60, cf. 520.2 give besides something else, add,ἔργῳ δ' ἔργον ὄπαζε h.Merc. 120
;χάριν ἅμ' ὄπασσον ἀοιδῇ h.Hom.24.5
;μελέταν ἔργοις ὀ.
devote,Pi.
I.6(5).67 ; ἔργον ὤπασεν πρὸς ἀσπίδι put the work of art on the shield, A.Th. 492.III press hard, chase,Ἕκτωρ ὤπαζε κάρη κομόωντας Ἀχαιούς Il.8.341
; χαλεπὸν δέ σε γῆρας ὀπάζει ib. 103 ; πολὺν καθ' ὅμιλον ὀπάζων (sc. αὐτήν) 5.334, cf. 17.462 ; φόνια δ' ὤπασας λέχε' ἀπὸ γᾶς didst chase them away, E.El. 1192 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., ποταμὸς.. ὀπαζόμενος Διὸς ὄμβρῳ a torrent forced on by rain, Il.11.493.IV ὀπασθείς· ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω δεθείς, καὶ ἐξαγκωνισθείς, Hsch. (but cf. ὀσταθείς Id.). (The relation to ἕπομαι, ὀπαδός, ὀπάων is uncertain.) -
2 ὀπάζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to chase, to press, to make follow, to give as a companion, to send with, give with, to grant', midd. `to take as a companion' (Il.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: From ἕπομαι (with ep. Ion. psilosis), best as iterative-intensive or causative with enlargement in - ζω (*ὀπάω: ὀπά-ζω); Bechtel Lex. s. v. w. lit., Schwyzer 719 w. n. 2. Also a nominal deriv. (*ὀπός, *ὀπή) is possible, s. ὀπάων. Cf. also ὀπηδός,Page in Frisk: 2,401Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀπάζω
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3 πίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to drink'Other forms: Aeol., also Dor. (Call. Cer. 95) πώνω, fut. πίομαι, aor. ἔπιον, πιεῖν (all Hom.; later πεῖν), ipv. πῖθι (com. a.o.), Aeol. πῶθι, pass. ἐπόθην with fut. ποθήσομαι, perf. act. πέπωκα (all Att.), midd. πέπομαι (Od.); besides as causat. πιπίσκω, fut. πίσω, aor. πῖσαι, πισθῆναι, also w. προ-, ἐν-, συν- a.o. `give to drink, water' (Pi., Hp., Nic.).Derivatives: Many derivv. (condensed survey): A. From the zero grade πο-, most with τ-sufflx: 1. ποτόν n. `beverage' (Il.), ποτός `drinkable' (trag., Th.; ἔμποτος Aret.), πότος m. `drinking, beverage' (Att., Theoc.); from this πότ-ιμος `drinkable, fresh, pleasant' (IA; Arbenz 50f.), - ικός `inclined towards drinking etc.' (Alc. com., Plu.), most συμ- πίνω `belonging to the bacchanalia, pot companion' (Att.: συμπό-της, - σιον, s. v.); - ίζω, Dor. - ίσδω, also with προ- a.o., `to make drink, to drench' (IA., Theoc.) with - ισμός, - ισμα, - ιστές, - ιστήριον, - ιστρίς, - ίστρα. 2. ποτή f. `drink, draught' (pap.) gen. a. acc. - ῆτος, - ῆτα (Hom.; metr. enlerged, orig. at verse-end; Schwyzer 529 w. n. 1 a. lit.; not haplolog. from *ποτο-τη-τος, - τη-τα with Fraenkel Gnomon 21, 40 a.o.); πότ-ημα n. `(medical) drink' (medic.; enlarged form, Chantraine Form. 178). 3. πόσις f. (also w. προ-, κατα- a.o. in diff. senses) `drinking, drink, bacchanalia' (Il.) with πόσιμος `drinkable' (pap. IVp, Ps.-Callisth.; cf. πότιμος above); πόμα s.v. 4. ποτήρ m. `drinking cup' (E.), - ήριον n. `id.' (Aeol. IA.); πότης m. `drinker' (only in πότης λύχνος Ar. Nu. 57), f. πότις (com.); both from the usual compp., e.g. συμπό-της (Pi.), οἰνο-πό-της, - τις (Anacr. etc.), disjoined? (Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 12 = Kl. Schr. 226); superl. ποτίστατος (Ar. a.o.); to this derivv. like συμπόσ-ιον `bacchanalia' (Pi., Alc.), καταπότ-ιον `pill' (medic.; καταπότης `throat' H., Suid.); οἰνοποτ-ά-ζω `to drink wine' (Hom.). 5. καταπό-θρα f. `(region of the) throat' (Paul. Aeg.). -- B. From the full grade: πῶμα n. `draught, drink, beverage' (Att.), ἔκπω-μα n. `drinking ware' (IA.), beside πόμα ( πρό-, κατά-, ἔκ- πίνω) n. `id.' (Pi., Ion. hell.); ἔκπωτις = ἄμπωτις ( Cat. Cod. Astr.); εὔπωνος ὄμβρος εὔποτος H., γακου-πώνης ἡδυπότης H. -- C. From the zero grade πῑ-: 1. πίστρα f., πῖστρα n. pl. `drinks' (E. Kyk., Str.), also πισμός, πιστήρ, πιστήριον H.; with analog. - σ- as 2. πιστός `drinkable, fluid' (A.; after χριστός, Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 79 = Kl. Schr. 264), πιστικός `id.' (Ev. Marc., Ev. Io.); 3. Boeot. πιτεύω `to drench, to water' with ἀ-πίτευτος `unwatered' (Thespiae IIIa), from a noun *πῑτ(ο)-; cf. below. To be rejected Brugmann IF 39, 149 ff. (to πίων, OCS pitati `to feed' etc.); cf. Benveniste BSL 51, 29 f. w. lit.Etymology: The above system developed on the basis of an IE starting point independently inside Greek. From the imperatives πῖ-θι and πῶ-θι we can conclude to two athematic root-aorists *ἔ-πῑ-ν and *ἔ-πω-ν; to the latter provides Skt. á-pā-m (with pā-hí = πῶ-θι) an exact agreement: IE *é-peh₃-m. As zero grade was pī- in the plur. at home: IE *é-piH-me, which in Skt. was replaced by full grade á-pā-ma but in Greek πῖθι left a trace; note further OCS 2. a. 3. sg. aor. pi. Further, in Greek the athemat. forms wer replaced by the themat. ἔ-πι-ον with generalized zero grade. The origin of the form piH- is not well known. The shortvocalic subj. of this root-aorist lives on in fut. πί-ο-μαι (like ἔδ-ο-μαι; s. ἔδω); to the aorist still the nasal prsesents πί-ν-ω and πώ-ν-ω; cf. ἔ-δῡ-ν: δύ̄-ν-ω. To *ἔ-πῑ-ν was formed the factitive ἔ-πῑ-σα `I gave to drink' after ἔ-στη-ν: ἔ-στη-σα, ἔ-φῡν: ἔ-φῡ-σα a.o.; to this the reduplicated pres. πι-πί-σκω (cf. δι-δά-σκω: δα-ῆναι, βι-βά-σκω: ἔ-βη-σα: ἔ-βη-ν). The strongly spread zero grade πο- ( πέποται, ἐπόθην, πόσις usw.) is a Greek innovation after δο- ( δέδοται, ἐδόθην, δόσις). The perf. act. πέ-πω-κα agrees with Skt. pa-páu, but can also have been created newly to *ἔ-πω-ν. The nominal stem πῑτ- in πιτεύω is inherited and is found also in Skt. pī-tá- `drunk(en)', pī-ti ́'drinking, drink'. The 2. member in εὔ-πωνος and γακου-πώνης agrees with Skt. pā́-na-m n. `drink'. In ablaut deviating are πο-τήρ `drinking cup' (only E.; οἰνο-ποτῆρας acc. pl. θ 456 metr. for - πότας) and Skt. pā-tár- 'drinker', comparable πό-σις and pī-tí- (s. ab.); rather parallel innovations than old inherited material. -- Among the remaining many representatives of this family we mention only the reduplicated zero grade themat. pres. Sk. pí-b-ati, Lat. bi-b-ō, OIr. 2. pl. ipv. i-b-id (phonetically in detail uncertain) and the Lat. nouns pō-tus, pō-culum. (The Skt. caus. pāy-áyati goes back on *po-i-ei̯-, not a full grade *pōi̯-) -- On the histoy of the Greek forms s. Leumann Mus. Helv. 14, 75ff. (= Kl. Schr. 260ff.); further material of the other languages with rich lit. in WP. 2, 71 f., Pok. 839 f., W.-Hofmann s. bibō, Mayrhofer s. píbati and pā́ti 2. -- On ἄμπωτις and πῖνον s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,540-542Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πίνω
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